개발자/Arduino

아두이노 프로그래밍 Cheat Sheet

지구빵집 2022. 11. 1. 11:24
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IT 관련 분야의 어떤 사항에 대해 공부할 때 '주제 + cheat sheet'라고 검색을 한다. cheatsheet란? 치트 시트란 말 그대로 커닝 페이지란 뜻인데, 답안지를 훔쳐본다는 의미가 아니라 자주 사용하는 명령이나 기능들을 찾기 쉽게 잘 정리해서 요약한 적은 분량의 문서를 의미한다. 여러 치트시트를 잘 정리한 사이트를 참고한다.

 

아래는 아두이노 프로그래밍에 필요한 치트 시트다. 아두이노 C언어 요약 페이지 정도로 이해하면 된다. 인쇄해서 책상에 붙여놓고 참고하면 좋은 문서다. pdf 파일과 jpg 파일을 올려둔다. 소스 링크에는 업데이트될 때 자료가 올라오니 참고하면 좋겠다. 종류도 여러 가지 있으니 보기 편한 문서로 참고한다.

 

Arduino Cheat Sheet.pdf
0.15MB

 

Arduino_Cheat_Sheet.pdf
2.91MB

 

 

Arduino Cheat Sheet

 

 

아두이노 프로그래밍 C 언어 요약 페이지는 아래를 참고한다. 이 문서 출처는 코드위드 해리라는 프로그래밍 사이트다. 

 

C_Cheatsheet_CodeWithHarry.pdf
0.12MB

 

 

Basics

Basic syntax and functions from the C programming language.

 

Boilerplate Code

 

#include<stdio.h> int main()

{

return(0);

}

 

 

printf function

It is used to show output on the screen

 

printf("Hello World!")

 

 

scanf function

It is used to take input from the user

 

scanf("placeholder", variables)

 

 

Comments

A comment is the code that is not executed by the compiler, and the programmer uses it to keep track of the code.

 

Single line comment

 

// It's a single line comment

 

 

Multi-line comment

 

/* It's a multi-line comment

*/

 

 

Data types

The data type is the type of data

Character type

Typically a single octet(one byte). It is an integer type

 

char variable_name;

 

 

Integer type

The most natural size of integer for the machine

 

int variable_name;

 

 

Float type

A single-precision floating-point value

 

float variable_name;

 

 

Double type

A double-precision floating-point value

 

double variable_name;

 

 

Void type

Represents the absence of the type

 

void

 

 

 

 

Escape Sequences

It is a sequence of characters starting with a backslash, and it doesn't represent itself when used inside string literal.

 

Alarm or Beep

It produces a beep sound

 

\a

 

 

Backspace

It adds a backspace

 

\b

 

 

Form feed

 

\f

 

 

Newline

Newline Character

 

\n

 

 

Carriage return

 

\r

 

 

Tab

It gives a tab space

 

\t

 

 

Backslash

It adds a backslash

 

\\

 

Single quote

It adds a single quotation mark

 

\'

 

 

Question mark

It adds a question mark

 

\?

 

 

Octal No.

It represents the value of an octal number

 

\nnn

 

 

Hexadecimal No.

It represents the value of a hexadecimal number

 

\xhh

 

 

Null

The null character is usually used to terminate a string

 

\0

 

 

Conditional Instructions

Conditional statements are used to perform operations based on some condition.

 

If Statement

 

if (/* condition */)

{

/* code */

}

 

 

If-else Statement

 

if (/* condition */)

{

/* code */

}

else{

/* Code */

}

 

 

if else-if Statement

 

if (condition) {

// Statements;

}

else if (condition){

// Statements;

}

else{

// Statements

}

 

 

Switch Case Statement

It allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values (cases).

 

switch (expression)

{

case constant-expression: statement1;

statement2; break;

case constant-expression: statement;

break;

...

default: statement;

}

 

 

 

Iterative Statements

Iterative statements facilitate programmers to execute any block of code lines repeatedly and can be controlled as per conditions added by the programmer.

 

while Loop

It allows execution of statement inside the block of the loop until the condition of loop succeeds.

 

while (/* condition */)

{

/* code */

}

 

 

do-while loop

It is an exit controlled loop. It is very similar to the while loop with one difference, i.e., the body of the do-while loop is executed at least once even if the expression is false

 

do

{

/* code */

} while (/* condition */);

 

 

for loop

It is used to iterate the statements or a part of the program several times. It is frequently used to traverse the data structures like the array and linked list.

 

for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)

{

/* code */

}

 

 

Break Statement

break keyword inside the loop is used to terminate the loop

 

break;

 

Continue Statement

continue keyword skips the rest of the current iteration of the loop and returns to the starting point of the loop

 

continue;

 

 

Functions & Recursion

Functions are used to divide an extensive program into smaller pieces. It can be called multiple times to provide reusability and modularity to the C program.

Function Definition

 

return_type function_name(data_type parameter...){

//code to be executed

}

 

 

Recursion

Recursion is when a function calls a copy of itself to work on a minor problem. And the function that calls itself is known as the Recursive function.

 

void recurse()

{

... .. ...

recurse();

... .. ...

}

 

 

Pointers

Pointer is a variable that contains the address of another variable,

 

Declaration

 

datatype *var_name;

 

 

Arrays

 

An array is a collection of data items of the same type.

 

Declaration

 

data_type array_name[array_size];

 

 

Accessing element

 

int variable_name = array[index];

 

 

 

 

Strings

A string is a 1-D character array terminated by a null character ('\0')

Declaration

 

char str_name[size];

 

 

gets() function

It allows you to enter multi-word string

 

gets("string");

 

 

puts() function

It is used to show string output

 

puts("string");

 

 

String Functions strlen()

It is used to calculate the length of the string

 

strlen(string_name);

 

 

strcpy() function

 

It is used to copy the content of second-string into the first string passed to it

 

strcpy(destination, source);

 

 

strcat() function

It is used to concatenate two strings

 

strcat(first_string, second_string);

 

 

strcmp() function

It is used to compare two strings

 

strcmp(first_string, second_string);

 

 

Structures

The structure is a collection of variables of different types under a single name. Defining structure means creating a new data type.

Structure syntax

 

struct structureName

{

dataType member1; dataType member2;

...

};

 

 

typedef keyword

typedef function allows users to provide alternative names for the primitive and user-defined data types.

 

typedef struct structureName

{

dataType member1; dataType member2;

 

...

}new_name;

 

 

 

 

File Handling

A set of methods for handling File IO (read/write/append) in C language

 

FILE pointer

 

FILE *filePointer;

 

 

 

 

 

Opening a file

It is used to open file in C.

 

filePointer = fopen(fileName.txt, w)

 

 

fscanf() function

It is used to read the content of file.

 

fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...)

 

 

fprintf() function

It is used to write content into the file.

 

fprintf(FILE *fptr, const char *str, ...);

 

 

fgetc() function

It reads a character from a file opened in read mode. It returns EOF on reaching the end of file.

 

fgetc(FILE *pointer);

 

 

fputc() function

 

It writes a character to a file opened in write mode

 

fputc(char, FILE *pointer);

 

 

Closing a file

It closes the file.

 

fclose(filePointer);

 

 

Dynamic Memory Allocation

A set of functions for dynamic memory allocation from the heap. These methods are used to use the dynamic memory which makes our C programs more efficient

 

malloc() function

Stands for 'Memory allocation' and reserves a block of memory with the given amount of bytes.

 

ptr = (castType*) malloc(size);

 

 

calloc() function

Stands for 'Contiguous allocation' and reserves n blocks of memory with the given amount of bytes.

 

ptr = (castType*)calloc(n, size);

 

 

free function

It is used to free the allocated memory.

 

free(ptr);

 

 

realloc() function

If the allocated memory is insufficient, then we can change the size of previously allocated memory using this function for efficiency purposes

 

ptr = realloc(ptr, x);

 

 

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